Ubwiza bwurumuri bivuga niba isoko yamurika yujuje ibipimo byerekana amatara nkibikorwa byo kureba, ihumure rigaragara, umutekano, nubwiza bugaragara.
Gukoresha neza ibipimo byerekana ubuziranenge bizazana uburambe bushya kumwanya wawe wo kumurika, cyane cyane mugihe cyo kumurika LED, aho imikorere yumucyo ari ngombwa cyane.Gukoresha ibipimo byerekana itara kugirango ugure ibicuruzwa bitanga urumuri rwa LED bizazana amatara menshi nimbaraga nke.Ingaruka, hepfo, turamenyekanisha ibipimo nyamukuru byerekana ubwiza bwurumuri.
1. Ubushyuhe bwamabara
Nibara ryoroheje ryurumuri rwera, rutandukanya niba ibara ryurumuri rwurumuri rwera rutukura cyangwa ubururu.Byerekanwa nubushyuhe bwuzuye kandi igice ni K (Kelvin).Mubisanzwe ibara ryubushyuhe bwurumuri rwimbere ni 2800K-6500K.
Itara risanzwe ryaka cyane ni urumuri rwizuba.Nkuko twese tubizi, urumuri rwizuba ni uruvange rwamabara menshi yumucyo.Muri byo, icy'ingenzi ni urumuri rw'umutuku, icyatsi n'ubururu.
Itara ryera rikoresha ibara ry'ubushyuhe kugirango risobanure ibara ry'urumuri.Iyo itara ryera ririmo ibintu byinshi byurumuri rwubururu, ibara ryumucyo wera rizaba ubururu (imbeho, nkizuba ryamajyaruguru yizuba saa sita).Iyo itara ryera ririmo urumuri rutukura rwinshi, ibara ryera ryera rizabogama.Umutuku (ushyushye, nk'izuba rya mugitondo na nimugoroba), ubushyuhe bwamabara niyo nzira yonyine yo kwerekana ibara ryumucyo wera.
Itara ryera ryumucyo wububiko naryo rikorwa mukuvanga urumuri rwamabara menshi.Kumashanyarazi yumucyo, dukoresha kandi ubushyuhe bwamabara kugirango dusobanure ibara ryurumuri rwumucyo wera;kubisesengura bifatika byurumuri rwera, mubisanzwe dukoresha uburyo bwo gusesengura ibintu, kandi isesengura ryumucyo wera risaba umusaruro wihariye wibikoresho.
2. Guhindura amabara
Nurwego rwo kugarura ibara ryubuso bwikintu kimurikirwa nisoko yumucyo.Byerekanwa nibara ryerekana ibara Ra.Ra iri hagati ya 0-100.Kwegera agaciro ka Ra ni 100, niko hejuru yerekana amabara kandi nibyiza kugarura ibara ryibintu bimurika hejuru.Ibara ryerekana isoko yumucyo bisaba kugerageza ibikoresho byumwuga.
Birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumirasire y'izuba ko izuba ryinshi ari ryinshi kandi isoko yumucyo hamwe nibara ryiza ryerekana.Ibara ryerekana amasoko yumucyo uhora ari munsi yizuba ryizuba.Kubwibyo, inzira nziza yo kumenya ibara ryerekana amasoko yumucyo wububiko nuburyo bworoshye bwo kugereranya urumuri rwizuba nukugereranya ibara ryikigazi cyangwa mumaso munsi yumucyo wizuba hamwe nisoko ryumucyo.Kwegera ibara munsi yizuba, niko amabara atanga.Urashobora kandi kureba ku kiganza hamwe nintoki zireba isoko yumucyo.Niba ibara ryikigazi ari imvi cyangwa umuhondo, gutanga ibara ntabwo ari byiza.Niba ibara ryikigazi ritukura mumaraso, gutanga ibara nibisanzwe
3. Kumurika agaciro k'isoko yumucyo
Kumurika ni urumuri rutanga isoko yumucyo rumurikira igice cyikintu kimurikirwa.Irerekana urwego rwumucyo numwijima wubuso bwikintu kimurikirwa, cyerekanwe muri Lux (Lx).Iyo hejuru yamurika agaciro k'ubuso bumurikirwa, niko ikintu kimurika.
Ubunini bwagaciro kumurika bufite byinshi byo gukora hamwe nintera iva kumucyo kugeza kumurika.Intera iri kure, niko kumanuka kumurika agaciro.Agaciro kamurika nako kajyanye no gukwirakwiza urumuri rw'itara.Gutoya urumuri rusohoka rw'itara, niko agaciro kamurika.Kurenza urumuri rusohora inguni, munsi yamurika agaciro;agaciro ka illuminance kagomba kugeragezwa nigikoresho kidasanzwe.
Uhereye kuri fotometrike, luminous flux nicyo kimenyetso nyamukuru.Nibicuruzwa bimurika, byerekana cyane cyane urumuri rwubuso bwikintu kimurikirwa.Agaciro kamurika gakoreshwa mugusobanura ingaruka zumucyo neza.Agaciro kamurika kumatara yo murugo agaragaza itara ryimbere Umucyo numwijima, kumurika cyane hamwe no kumurika cyane bigira ingaruka kubuzima bwamaso yabantu
4. Gukwirakwiza urumuri rw'itara
Ingaruka yo kumurika murugo ifitanye isano nimiterere yamatara hamwe no gukwirakwiza urumuri rwamatara.Ingaruka nziza yo kumurika igaragarira muburyo bwiza bwamatara no gukoresha neza gukwirakwiza itara.Imiterere yamatara hamwe nogukwirakwiza urumuri rwamatara bigena imikorere igaragara nuburyo bwiza bwo kubona amatara yo mu nzu, kandi bikagaragaza imyumvire-yuburyo butatu hamwe nuburinganire bwumwanya.Muri byo, gukwirakwiza urumuri rukwiye rwamatara birashobora kuzamura ubwiza bwurumuri rwumucyo wose.
Uruhare rwamatara nugukosora no kurinda isoko yumucyo, kimwe no gushushanya no gutunganya ibidukikije.Indi ntego yamatara nugusaranganya urumuri ruturuka kumucyo kugirango urumuri rwumucyo rusohora urumuri ukurikije urumuri rusohoka rwerekana itara.Ibi byitwa gukwirakwiza itara.
Ikwirakwizwa ryumucyo ryamatara risobanura urumuri rusohoka rwitara.Gitoya yo gukwirakwiza urumuri, niko bizarushaho gutuma abantu bumva.Gukwirakwiza urumuri rw'itara rupimishwa nigikoresho kidasanzwe.
5. Kumurika kumasoko yumucyo
Umucyo winkomoko yumucyo wasobanuwe na luminous flux.Igice cya luminous flux ni lumens (lm).Ninini ya luminous flux, niko urumuri rwinshi ruturuka kumucyo.Ikigereranyo cyumucyo utanga isoko yumucyo no gukoresha ingufu zumucyo bita urumuri rukomeye rwumucyo, kandi igice ni lm./ w (lumens kuri watt)
Imikorere yumucyo yumucyo nikimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana ubwiza bwumucyo.Iyo urwego rwo hejuru rumurika rwumucyo, niko kuzigama ingufu zitanga urumuri.Imikorere yumucyo utanga urumuri rwa LED ni 90-130 lm / w, naho urumuri rwamatara azigama ingufu ni 48-80 lm / w.Imikorere yumucyo wamatara yaka ni 9-12 lm / w, kandi imikorere yumucyo utanga urumuri rwiza rwa LED ni 60-80 lm / w.Ibicuruzwa bifite urumuri rwinshi rufite ubuziranenge bwiza bwumucyo.
6. Itara neza
Amatara yo mu nzu ntakunze gukoresha isoko yumucyo wenyine.Mubisanzwe isoko yumucyo ikoreshwa muri luminaire.Nyuma yumucyo urumuri rushyizwe muri luminaire, urumuri rwa luminaire ruri munsi yumucyo umwe.Ikigereranyo cya byombi cyitwa luminaire efficient, kiri hejuru., Bikaba byerekana ko ubwiza bwamatara ari bwiza, kandi igipimo cyo kuzigama ingufu cyamatara ni kinini.Gukoresha itara nigipimo cyingenzi cyo gupima ubwiza bwamatara.Mugereranije imikorere yamatara, ubwiza bwamatara burashobora kandi gusuzumwa muburyo butaziguye.
Isano iri hagati yimikorere yumucyo utanga urumuri, imikorere ya luminaire, nigiciro cyo kumurika kwa luminaire nuko luminous flux isohoka na luminaire ihwanye gusa nubushobozi bwa luminaire, hamwe nuburemere bwumucyo wa luminaire ihwanye neza na luminous imikorere yumucyo.Umucyo ufitanye isano.
7, urumuri
Bisobanura urwego rwo kutabona neza biterwa nurumuri rwumucyo.Mu magambo y’abalayiki, iyo wumva isoko yumucyo itangaje, bivuze ko isoko yumucyo ifite urumuri.Mu muhanda nijoro, iyo imodoka ifite amatara maremare aje, urumuri rutangaje tubona ni urumuri.Umucyo urashobora gutuma abantu bumva batamerewe neza ndetse bigatera ubuhumyi bwigihe gito.Umucyo wo kumurika mu nzu wangiza abana.Kandi abageze mu zabukuru bafite ingaruka zikomeye, kandi urumuri rugira ingaruka kumiterere yumucyo, nikibazo gikwiye kwitabwaho.
Ikibazo cyo kumurika nibipimo bizigama ingufu byerekana kumurika no kumurika birabujijwe.Niba isoko imwe yumucyo irabagirana bihagije, hazabaho ibibazo byo kumurika, ni ukuvuga, ibyo bita "urumuri ruhagije ruzamurika".Ikibazo cya glare gikeneye gupima ibyiza n'ibibi.
8. Strobe
Inkomoko yumucyo stroboscopic nikintu cyerekana aho urumuri rwumucyo ruhinduka hamwe nigihe.Iyo ukora munsi yumucyo wa stroboscopique igihe kirekire, bizatera umunaniro ugaragara.Igihe ntarengwa cya stroboscopique yinkomoko yumucyo ni amasegonda 0.02, mugihe igihe cyo kugaragara cyamaso yumuntu Ni amasegonda 0.04.
Igihe cya stroboscopique yinkomoko yumucyo cyihuta kuruta igihe cyo gutura kumaso yumuntu, kubwibyo iyerekwa ryumuntu ntirishobora kumva isoko yumucyo iranyeganyega, ariko ingirabuzimafatizo zijisho ryumuntu zirabyumva.Ninimpamvu yumunaniro ugaragara.Inkomoko yumucyo ihindagurika Iyo inshuro nyinshi, niko umunaniro ugaragara uterwa na stroboscopique.Tuyita flash-frequency flash.Stroboscopic izagira ingaruka kubuzima bwamaso yumuntu atabizi kandi igire ingaruka kumuri.
Strobe yisoko yumucyo itagaragara mumaso yumuntu, none nigute wabigenzura?Hano hari uburyo bworoshye kandi bunoze bwo gutandukanya strobe yumucyo.Koresha imikorere ya kamera ya terefone igendanwa kugirango ugere ku mucyo kandi uhindure intera ikwiye.Mugihe ecran igaragara neza kandi yijimye, byerekana ko isoko yumucyo ifite stroboscopic
Niba intera yumurongo igaragara, bivuze ko isoko yumucyo ifite strobe nini, kandi hariho urumuri rugaragara numurongo wijimye kumpande zombi zumucyo, bivuze ko strobe nini.Niba urumuri n'umwijima byijimye kuri ecran ari bike cyangwa binini cyane, strobe ni mike;niba urumuri numurongo wijimye bitagaragara, Bivuze ko strobe iri hasi cyane.Nyamara, ntabwo terefone zigendanwa zose zishobora kubona strobe.Terefone zigendanwa zimwe ntizishobora kubona strobe.Mugihe cyo kwipimisha, nibyiza gukoresha izindi terefone zigendanwa kugirango ugerageze.
9. Umutekano wibikoresho byo kumurika
Umutekano wibikoresho byo kumurika birimo ibibazo byamashanyarazi, ibibazo byo kumeneka, gutwika ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibibazo biturika, kwizerwa kwishyiriraho, ibimenyetso byumutekano, ibimenyetso by ibidukikije, nibindi.
Umutekano wibikoresho byo kumurika bigabanywa nubuziranenge bwigihugu.Mubisanzwe, turashobora guca urubanza tureba ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, ikimenyetso cyemeza, ubwiza bwibikorwa byo gutanga amashanyarazi, namakuru ajyanye nibicuruzwa.Inzira yoroshye nigiciro cyibicuruzwa bimurika., Ibicuruzwa bihenze cyane bizagira ibyiringiro bihanitse ugereranije, kandi ibicuruzwa bifite ibiciro biri hasi cyane bizatera kuba maso, ni ukuvuga, ibyo bita ibicuruzwa bihendutse ntabwo ari byiza.
10. Ibipimo bizigama ingufu z'ibikoresho byo kumurika
Urwego rwohejuru rwo kumurika ni ubwiza bugaragara.Kugirango wishimire ubwo bwiza, amatara azacanwa igihe kirekire kugirango ashime.Niba ingufu zikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ari nyinshi cyane, bizatera umutwaro wumukoresha mumitekerereze ya fagitire yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, bizatuma ubwiza bwiboneke bugabanuka, bityo bigabanye mu buryo butaziguye ubuziranenge bwumucyo, bityo dushyiramo ibipimo bizigama ingufu zumucyo ibikoresho nkibipimo byerekana ubuziranenge.
Bifitanye isano n'ibipimo bizigama ingufu z'ibikoresho byo kumurika ni:
1) Imikorere yumucyo yumucyo.
2), itara neza.
3) Igishushanyo mbonera cyumwanya wumucyo no gushyira mu gaciro agaciro ka kumurika kumwanya wumucyo.
4), imbaraga zingufu zo gutanga amashanyarazi.
5) Imikorere yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa LED itanga isoko.
Turaganira dushimangira imikorere yingufu zituruka kumucyo no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwumucyo wa LED.Kubintu bitanga urumuri rwa LED, nubushobozi buke bwingufu zo gutwara, niko hejuru yumucyo utanga isoko yumucyo, hamwe ninshi uzigama ingufu zumucyo.Inkomoko yingufu zingirakamaro hamwe nimbaraga zinkomoko yamashanyarazi nibintu bibiri bitandukanye Ibipimo byombi biri hejuru, byerekana ko ubwiza bwimbaraga zo gutwara ari bwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2020